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 MALE-FEMALE RELATIONSHIP Foreign visitors usually find that American pattern in male-female relationship are different from the ones to which they are accustomed. If they become involved with members of the opposite sex, as lover or friend, they are likely to have strong, negative reactions. At very least, they will be confused and unsettled. Stereotype about American Men and Women As stated in previous chapter, stereotypes are generalizations of people groups which are deep-rooted inthe psyche of the people. People stereotype others based on what they see, their experience, or may be from the media. Foreigners typically hold two stereotypes about American men and women. American women are stereotyped as inhibited women due to their sexual activity with a variety of men. The other common stereotype is that they are domineering. Related to this, American men are stereotyped as weak because they let themselves to be dominated by women. However, this stereotype is not the representative

 CULTURAL CONFLICT The Cause of Cultural Conflict         Cultural conflict occurs as a result of ethnocentrism, misinterpretation, and stereotype. Ethnocentrism often entails the belief that one's own race or ethnic group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups. Within this ideology, individuals will judge other groups in relation to their own particular ethnic group or culture, especially with concern to language, behavior, customs, and religion. Speaker from different cultures assume that what they believe is right, because they have grown up thinking their way is the best and this may result in negative attitudes and judgements toward other cultures. These ethnocentrism attitudes cause people become critical of individuals from different cultures.      Misinterpretation happens because people fail to interpret the verbal and non-verbal communication correctly. As we know that non-verbal language is more difficult th

 CULTURE SHOCK      The definition of culture shock is the trauma you experience when you move into a culture different from your home culture. Culture shock is the personal disorientation aperson may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country, or to a move between social environments, also a simple travel to another type of life. Cause of shock culture      Besides language barrier, frustration, anxiety and stress also occur whenever people can‘t do all the things they are accustomed to doing in their everyday lives. These can include work, home and leisure related activities that they are either no longer able to do at all or no longer able to do like they are accustomed to. For example, sometimes because of differences in transportation services people cannot move around as freely or as widely as they are accustomed to. Additional issues such as telecommunication system, things like grocery shopping, gas-station system, getting to

  NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION Non-verbal communication is the process of communicating through sending and receiving wordless messages. Non-verbal communication can be divided into 4 parts namely body language (kinesics), eye contact (oculistics), touch (haptics), body distance (proxemics), paralangue, and turn taking. There are many non verbal communication. They are? A. Body Language (Kinesics) Body language is a significant aspect of modern communications and relationships. Body language, and more technically the study of body language, is also known as kinesics, which is derived from the Greek word kinesis, meaning motion. This includes body movement, body position, facial expression, as well as dress. O.K Gesture: When you put your index finger on your thumb, in America and England it means everything is well or good. In Latin America, Germany, Middle East, and France, it is a sign of insult. Thumbs Up: In America or Europe, it's a sign of approval or hitchhiking. In America when

  Intercultural Communication Intercultural Communication      Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication. It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. In this sense, it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate and perceive the world around them.      Intercultural communication is the idea of knowing how to communicate within different parts of the world. By understanding the theories, people are able to understand how certain norms are prevalent in adapting to new cultures. Intercultural communication uses theories within groups of people to achieve a sense of cultural diversity, in the hopes of people being able to learn new things from different c

 Table Manner & Accommodation Tour          ―The dinner table is the center for the teaching and practicing not just of table manners but of conversation, consideration, tolerance, family feeling, and just about all the other accomplishments of polite society except the minuet.” -Judith Martin Table Manner      Table manners are the rules of etiquette used while eating, which may also include the appropriate use of utensils. Different cultures observe different rules for table manners. People who hasn‘t known and experienced table manner may find it complicated because there are many etiquettes. Here are some essential dining etiquette rules that you should follow: Sit straight on your chair.  Turn off your cell phone before sitting down.  It is rude to talk on your phone or text while in the company of others.  Taste your food before you add salt, pepper, or other seasoning.  Doing otherwise may be insulting to the host or hostess.  Chew with your mouth closed.  Never talk when yo

  STEREOTYPE        A stereotype is generalizations of people groups based on past experiences, which are deep-rooted in the psyche of the people. In another definition, it is said that stereotype is a fixed idea or image that many people have a particular type of person, thing, or event, but sometimes it is not true in reality.  Cultural stereotypes mean applying both evidence and our existing beliefs about the members of that cultural group. What do you think is happening here? Debbie : You’re more than just brother and sister, aren’t you? Maria : Yes, we’re twins. I was born first, my brother came few minutes later. My mom says it’s because I’m a girl, and girls should go first. Mario : I let her go first. Italian boys are always polite. Debbie : Ok..now I have a riddle for you both to solve. Mario : I love riddles! Debbie : A boy and his father were badly injured in an accident. The child needed an immediate operation. He was wheeled into the operating room. The